01-크기의 과학
05/09/18 11:40
1 크기의 과학
We can understand certain phenomena without actually doing the detailed calculations needed for a complete solution. Galileo Galilei first pointed out that similar objects can be related by scaling laws. These laws explain why an elephant cannot look like an enlarged mouse, why a giant human necessarily has certain problems, and why there are ultimate limits to the sizes of animals, plants and structures. This simple idea is called dimensional analysis, one of the physicist’s favorite trick. In this chapter, we will explore its stories and principles behind it.
• 강의록: 01-크기의 과학
Homework Assignment : (제출기한: 9월11일(화))
- 교재 ‘호기심의 과학’: 크기의 과학, pp 13-44 ("초소형 인간, 있을 수 있나?", "북극의 빙산은 왜 천천히 녹을까?")를 읽고, 아래 "Suggested Questions"를 참고하여 자기만의 질문을 만들어 "Comments (댓글)" 링크에 올려주기 바랍니다.
Useful Links and Further Reading:
- Galileo’s Square-Cube Law: http://dinosaurtheory.com/scaling.html
- “Of Mice and Elephants: A Matter of Scale” by George Johnson: http://hep.ucsb.edu/courses/ph6b_99/0111299sci-scaling.html
- “The Biology of B-Movie Monsters” by Michael C. LaBarbera: http://fathom.lib.uchicago.edu/2/21701757/
- Kleiber’s law: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleiber’s_law
- Google Lecture Series: Scaling Laws In Biology And Other Complex Systems: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEB4p9qbliE
- [YouTube] Hewitt-Drew-it! PHYSICS 55. Scaling 1, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBOkLabPdj8
- [YouTube] Hewitt-Drew-it! PHYSICS 56. Scaling 2, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXEG-IGNoew
- [YouTube] Hewitt-Drew-it! PHYSICS 57. Scaling 3, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLlRwpn3wgc
Suggested Questions
- 가장 효율적인 “왕” 개미의 모습은? 반대로 고래가 개미만하게 작아진다면 어떤 모습으로 변해야 생존할 수 있을까?
- 사람이 피 속의 “적혈구” 크기로 작아진다면 어떤 모양으로 변해야 할까?
- 자전거를 “적혈구” 크기로 작게 만든다면 어떻게 만들어야 할까?
- Suppose that muscular forces scale as the cross-sectional area of the muscles involved. Can we claim that the height of the jump is independent of the animal’s size? In other words, Can a flea can jump as high as a man or vice versa?
- The leg bones of one animal are twice as strong as those of another closely related animal of similar shape. (a) What would you expect to be the ratio of these animals’ heights? (b) What would you expect to be the ratio of their weights?
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