1. Gnuplot FAQ
2. Special Characters and Formatting in LaTeX
3. Fortran Course Notes
4. Shortkey in MS Word and Excel
5. Adding line numbers in Latex
6. Some tips in gnuplot
1. Gnuplot FAQ
http://t16web.lanl.gov/Kawano/gnuplot/index-e.html
2. Special Characters and Formatting in LaTeX
http://www.agu.org/meetings/mtabsLTX.html
This file contains information on how to use the
following LaTeX special characters and formatting features in your submission:
For additional symbols please refer to GIF images of symbols and codes.
You may wish to print that file for reference while you compose your document.
LaTeX Commands
Punctuation Marks
The following punctuation marks are also used as special characters in the LaTeX system; therefore you
must put a backslash (\) in front of any that are used in your text, like so:
\& \$ \% \# \_ \{ \}
Special Characters in Math Mode
You may include special characters such as Greek
letters, mathematical and planetary symbols, superscripts or subscripts in your
text by using LaTeX math mode. Type a dollar sign,
the appropriate symbol code, and a second dollar sign.
Examples:
$\AA$ produces Å (Angstrom)
45$^{\circ}$ produces 45°
Do not forget to include BOTH dollar signs
Lower-Case Greek Letters
Note that omicron is simply keyed as lower-case (o)
without the backslash (\).
\alpha \eta \nu \tau
\beta \theta \xi \upsilon
\gamma \iota o \phi
\delta \kappa \pi \chi
\epsilon \lambda \rho \psi
\zeta \mu \sigma \omega
Example: $\lambda$
Upper-Case Greek Letters
\Gamma \Lambda \Sigma \Psi
\Delta \Xi \Upsilon \Omega
\Theta \Pi \Phi
Example: $\Gamma$
Mathematical Symbols
Description Command
plus/minus sign (±) \pm
times symbol (×) \times
division symbol (÷) \div
tilde sign (~) \sim
Angstrom (Å) \AA
angstrom (å) \aa
degree (°) $^{\circ}$
permil (‰) \permil
less than (<) < Note: no backslash needed
greater than (>) >
vertical bar (|) |
Examples:
$\sim$ produces ~
$<$ produces <
$|$ produces |
Planetary Symbols
Sun and Earth symbols are indicated by
\sun
and
\earth
Example:
$M_{\sun}$ will indicate solar mass
Superscripts and Subscripts
To create a superscript, type a dollar sign, a caret
(^), an open curly brace ({), the character(s) you want superscripted, a close
curly brace (}), and another dollar sign:
Examples:
e = mc$^{2}$ $\pi r^{2}$
To create a subscript, type a dollar sign, an
underscore, an open curly brace, the character(s) you want subscripted, a close
curly brace, and another dollar sign:
Examples:
H$_{2}$O HNO$_{3}$
Accents, Breaks, Type Style, and Punctuation Marks
AccentsTo create an accented character, type a
backslash (\), the appropriate accent code, an open curly brace ({), the
character, and a close curly brace (}). 'x' represents the letter to which the
accent will apply.
Description Command Example
Backwards (grave) accent \`{x} tout \`{a} vous = tout à vous
Forward (acute) accent \'{x} Gonzal\'{e}z = Gonzaléz
Caret symbol \^{x} \`{a} bient\^{o} = à bientô
Dieresis (umlaut) \"{x} f\"{u}r = für
Tilde \~{x} se\~{n}or = señor
Word, Line, and Paragraph Breaks
LaTeX ignores extra spacing between words.
Line breaks set by your word processor (such as soft or
hard returns) will not affect the look of the abstract. If you need to create a
line break, use a double backslash (\\). Note that a double backslash is not the same as
a double forward slash (//), which doesn't indicate anything.
Use 2 hard returns to separate paragraphs.
Italic and Boldface Text
Italic text may be created by typing {\it (including the empty space), then the text you want italicized,
then a close curly brace (}). Use italics only for citations and species names; do not use it to emphasize.
Example:
{\it this text will be italic} but the rest of the text is normal type
produces
this text will be italic but the rest of the text is normal type
Boldface text (for vectors) may be created by typing {\bf (including the empty space), then the text you
want boldface, then a close curly brace (}).
Example:
{\bf this text will be boldface} but the rest of the text is normal type
produces
this text will be boldface but the rest of the text is normal type
3. Fortran Course Notes
You can read Fortran 90 Course Notes of The University of Liverpool here: link. This is an excellent free text for someone who want to learn to program in Fortran.
You can download the ps version or read online this Course Notes from the above website. Hope that it could be useful for you ^-^.
4. Shortkey in MS Word and Excel
TYPICAL SHORT-CUT KEYS FOR MS WORD USERS
1. Keys for working with documents
Create a new document CTRL+N
Open a document CTRL+O
Close a document CTRL+W, CTRL + F4
Split a document ALT+CTRL+S
Save a document CTRL+S
Quit Word ALT+F4, CTRL+W
Find text, formatting, and special items CTRL+F
Repeat find ALT+CTRL+Y
Replace text, specific formatting, and special items CTRL+H
Go to a page, bookmark, footnote, table, comment, graphic, or other location CTRL+G
Go back to a page, bookmark, footnote, table,comment, graphic, or other location ALT+CTRL+Z
Browse a document ALT+CTRL+HOME
Cancel an action ESC
Undo an action CTRL+Z
Redo or repeat an action CTRL+Y
Switch to page layout view ALT+CTRL+P
Switch to outline view ALT+CTRL+O
Switch to normal view ALT+CTRL+N
Move between a master document and its subdocuments CTRL+\
2. Keys for formatting characters and paragraphs
2.1. Format characters
Change the font CTRL+SHIFT+F
Change the font size CTRL+SHIFT+P
Increase the font size CTRL+SHIFT+>
Decrease the font size CTRL+SHIFT+<
Increase the font size by 1 point CTRL+]
Decrease the font size by 1 point CTRL+[
Change the formatting of characters CTRL+D
Change the case of letters SHIFT+F3
Format letters as all capitals CTRL+SHIFT+A
Apply bold formatting CTRL+B
Apply an underline CTRL+U
Underline words but not spaces CTRL+SHIFT+W
Double-underline text CTRL+SHIFT+D
Apply hidden text formatting CTRL+SHIFT+H
Apply italic formatting CTRL+I
Format letters as small capitals CTRL+SHIFT+K
Apply subscript formatting (automatic spacing) CTRL+EQUAL SIGN
Apply superscript formatting (automatic spacing) CTRL+SHIFT+PLUS SIGN
Remove manual character formatting CTRL+SPACEBAR
Change the selection to Symbol font CTRL+SHIFT+Q
Display nonprinting characters CTRL+SHIFT+* (asterisk)
Review text formatting SHIFT+F1
Copy formats CTRL+SHIFT+C
Paste formats CTRL+SHIFT+V
2.2. Format paragraphs
2.2.1 When setting line spacing
Single-space lines CTRL+1
Double-space lines CTRL+2
Set 1.5-line spacing CTRL+5
Add or remove one line space preceding a paragraph CTRL+0 (zero)
2.2.2 When setting paragraph alignments and indents
Center a paragraph CTRL+E
Justify a paragraph CTRL+J
Left align a paragraph CTRL+L
Right align a paragraph CTRL+R
Indent a paragraph from the left CTRL+M
Remove a paragraph indent from the left CTRL+SHIFT+M
Create a hanging indent CTRL+T
Reduce a hanging indent CTRL+SHIFT+T
Remove paragraph formatting CTRL+Q
3. Keys for performing a mail merge
Preview a mail merge ALT+SHIFT+K
Merge a document ALT+SHcIFT+N
Print the merged document ALT+SHIFT+M
Edit a mail-merge data document ALT+SHIFT+E
Insert a merge field ALT+SHIFT+F
4. Others
Update a excel linked object ALT+SHIFT+U
Update field, link F9
Print preview CTRL + F2, or, CTRL + ALT + I
Create auto text ALT + F3
Go to Style combo box CTRL + SHIFT + S
Apply Normal style CTRL + SHIFT + S
Go to next page CTRL + PAGE DOWN
Go to previous page CTRL + PAGE UP
Insert Hyperlink CTRL + K
Spelling F7
Enlarge document window CTRL + F10
Reduce document window CTRL + F5
Go to next opened document CTRL + F6
Go to previous opened document CTRL + SHIFT + F6
TYPICAL SHORT-CUT KEYS FOR MS EXCEL USERS
1. Edit data by using shortcut keys
Edit the active cell F2
Cancel an entry in the cell or formula bar ESC
Paste a name into a formula F3
Complete a cell entry ENTER
Enter a formula as an array formula CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER
Display the Formula Palette after you type a valid function name in a formula CTRL+A
Insert the argument names and parentheses for a function, after you type a valid function name in a formula CTRL+SHIFT+A
2. Insert, delete, and copy a selection by using shortcut keys
Copy the selection CTRL+C
Paste the selection CTRL+V
Cut the selection CTRL+X
Clear the contents of the selection DELETE
Insert blank cells CTRL+SHIFT+PLUS SIGN
Delete the selection CTRL+-
Undo the last action CTRL+Z
3. Enter data by using shortcut keys
Complete a cell entry ENTER
Cancel a cell entry ESC
Repeat the last action F4 or CTRL+Y
Start a new line in the same cell ALT+ENTER
Delete text to the end of the line CTRL+DELETE
Move one character up, down, left, or right Arrow keys
Move to the beginning of the line HOME
Edit a cell comment SHIFT+F2
Create names from row and column labels CTRL+SHIFT+F3
Fill down CTRL+D
Fill to the right CTRL+R
Fill the selected cell range with the current entry CTRL+ENTER
Complete a cell entry and move down in the selection ENTER
Complete a cell entry and move up in the selection SHIFT+ENTER
Complete a cell entry and move to the right in the selection TAB
Complete a cell entry and move to the left in the selection SHIFT+TAB
4. Work in cells or the formula bar by using shortcut keys
Start a formula = (EQUAL SIGN)
Cancel an entry in the cell or formula bar ESC
Edit the active cell F2
Paste a name into a formula F3
Define a name CTRL+F3
Calculate all sheets in all open workbooks F9
Calculate the active worksheet SHIFT+F9
Insert the AutoSum formula ALT+= (EQUAL SIGN)
Enter the date CTRL+; (SEMICOLON)
Enter the time CTRL+SHIFT+: (COLON)
Insert a hyperlink CTRL+K
Complete a cell entry ENTER
Copy the value from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the formula bar CTRL+SHIFT+"
Alternate between displaying cell values and displaying cell formulas CTRL+`
Copy a formula from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the formula bar CTRL+'
Enter a formula as an array formula CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER
Display the Formula Palette after you type a valid function name in a formula CTRL+A
Insert the argument names and parentheses for a function, after you type a valid function name in a formula CTRL+SHIFT+A
Display the AutoComplete list ALT+DOWN ARROW
5. Format data by using shortcut keys
Display the Style command (Format menu) ALT+' (APOSTROPHE)
Display the Cells command (Format menu) CTRL+1
Apply the General number format CTRL+SHIFT+~
Apply the Currency format with two decimal places (negative numbers appear in parentheses) CTRL+SHIFT+$
Apply the Percentage format with no decimal places CTRL+SHIFT+%
Apply the Exponential number format with two decimal places CTRL+SHIFT+^
Apply the Date format with the day, month, and year CTRL+SHIFT+#
Apply the Time format with the hour and minute,and indicate A.M. or P.M. CTRL+SHIFT+@
Apply the Number format with two decimal places 1000 separator, and - for negative values CTRL+SHIFT+!
Apply the outline border CTRL+SHIFT+&
Remove all borders CTRL+SHIFT+_
Apply or remove bold formatting CTRL+B
Apply or remove italic formatting CTRL+I
Apply or remove an underline CTRL+U
Apply or remove strikethrough formatting CTRL+5
Hide rows CTRL+9
Unhide rows CTRL+SHIFT+(
Hide columns CTRL+0 (ZERO)
Unhide columns CTRL+SHIFT+)
6. Move and scroll on a worksheet or workbook by using shortcut keys
Move one cell in a given direction Arrow key
Move to the edge of the current data region CTRL+ arrow key
5. Adding line numbers in Latex
1. Download the lineno package (http://www.ctan.org/get/macros/latex/contrib/lineno.zip).
2. Unpack it ('unzip lineno.zip') and from the subdirectory lineno/ copy file 'lineno.sty' into the directory with your LaTeX main document
3. In the LaTeX preamble include the following line before the \documentclass{...} command.
\RequirePackage{lineno}
(Note: this rather unusual way of including a package is necessary due to incompatibilities between the lineno package and revtex. If you are not using revtex to prepare your document you can also use the standard way: \usepackage{lineno})
4. Line numbers can be activated by adding the following line after \begin{document}
% Running line numbers:
\linenumbers
% Same, but that reset on every page:
\pagewiselinenumbers
% Number only every 5:th line:
\modulolinenumbers[5]
6. Some tips in gnuplot
1. Angstrom symbol: set encoding iso then code for angstrom symbol is \305.
Example:
set encoding iso
set x label "diameter (\305)"
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